Preparing for Flu Season: Prevention, Symptoms, and When to Seek Care

| Preventative CarePatient Education

What is the Flu?

The flu is a contagious respiratory disease caused by different strains of the influenza virus. Symptoms range from mild to severe, and the flu can be fatal. The good news is that the yearly flu shot is a safe, effective way to protect yourself from the virus. Combining the flu shot with good hygiene, a balanced diet, and common-sense safety practices creates layers of protection in your flu prevention strategy that can help keep you and your family safe.

Preventing the Flu

Getting the flu shot as soon as it is available is the best way to prevent illness. Flu shots are vaccines that protect against three common influenza viruses. The vaccine targets three viruses based on what research says will be the most common strains during the upcoming season.

Everyone six months and older can and should receive an annual flu vaccine. Certain factors in a person's health history - including age, previous illness and allergies - may impact which vaccine is most appropriate for them. Luckily, a variety of influenza vaccines are available for people with different needs and conditions. If you are unsure what vaccine you should receive, it is recommended that you speak with your primary care provider to make the best choice for you.

Along with getting your flu shot, you can take common-sense safety measures to protect yourself from the flu. These strategies include:

  • Washing your hands frequently with soap
  • Avoiding touching your face
  • Maintaining a balanced diet
  • Hydrating often
  • Exercising regularly
  • Getting plenty of sleep
  • Staying away from people who are sick
Woman lays on her couch sick, blowing her nose

Recognizing Symptoms

Flu symptoms often appear rapidly. They can be mild to severe, and at times even fatal. While the most common symptoms vary year to year depending on which strain of influenza is most prevalent, certain symptoms are common each year, including:

  • Fever/feeling feverish
  • Persistent cough
  • Sore throat
  • Runny/stuffy nose
  • Muscle and body aches
  • Fatigue

It's important to note that not everyone who catches the flu will experience all of these symptoms. It is possible to have the flu with very minor symptoms. That's why it's important to stay home if you're feeling sick, even if you don't know you have the flu.

The Flu and Common Cold - What's the Difference?

Symptom Onset

Flu symptoms often appear suddenly, while symptoms of the common cold come on gradually.

Fever

Many people who catch the flu will have a fever or feel feverish. Fevers are rare with the common cold.

Stuffy Nose and Sore Throat

A stuffy nose and sore throat can be signs of either the flu or the common cold, but they're more common and more persistent with the common cold.

Nausea and Vomiting

Nausea and vomiting are relatively rare symptoms for both the flu and common cold, especially in adults. Children, however, are more likely to develop these symptoms with the flu.

Severity

Flu symptoms are generally more severe.

Managing Care at Home and When to Seek Medical Attention

Many people will be able to manage their symptoms at home with lots of rest, frequent hydration and over-the-counter pain and cold medicine as needed. However, there are symptoms that require emergency care. Seek acute care or visit the emergency room care if you experience:

  • Difficulty breathing
  • Chest pain
  • Seizures
  • Dizziness
  • Severe weakness or muscle pain
  • Worsening of pre-existing conditions
Man receives his flu vaccine

Schedule Your Vaccine Today

The flu vaccine is safe and effective, and it can save you from a week or so of pain and discomfort. Schedule your vaccine at Schneck today to protect yourself and your family this season.

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About the Author

Makenze Wieneke FNP-C

Makenze Wieneke is a family nurse practitioner with Schneck Primary Care.